INDIA- CHINA RELATIONSHIP: FOR UPSC AND BPSC MAINS WRITING.

BACKGROUND: india and china are the two major colossus of asia in term of either population ,economy or land area. both country shares border which is more than 3488 km. both country established diplomatic relation on 1st april 1950, and in 1st april 2020 both completed their 70 year diplomatic relations. recently, india- china conflict has been seen along LOC, major one is Galwan valley standoff. India sought restoration of the status quo as it existed before the standoff began in May 2020.

SOME OF COMMON POINTS GIVEN BELOW.

1. Shares old civilization and cultiral ties.
2. Relationship is based on Pancheel Principles.
3. both the country have unresolved boundary disputes.
4. Both are major trade partner in asia.
5. both are member of  BRICS, SCO, ASIAN and a many more.

TRADE WAR AND INDIA:

1. India has a high trade deficit with china.
2. recently india has managed to bring down its trde deficit with china by $10 billion  to $ 53 billion in Financial year 2019.
3. the present trade war provides opportunities for india china trade relations.

OPPORTUNITIES AND INDIA:

1. Export from india to china is increasing.
2. more investments from china to india.
3. market access to pharma products and IT sector.
4. india can tap opportunities in area such as garments, agriculture, processed food product, gems, precious stone and metal ores.
5.  business travel from india to china has been growing as more entrepreneures are keen to take advantages.

CHALLENGES:

1. global slowdown and policy of protectionsm.
2. huge trade deficit.
3. low chinese investments in india.

CONCERNS: CHINA'S BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE.

 WHAT IS IN CONTEXT:

1. due to straddle critism of BRI, chinese president said that china would fine tune the initiative with open consultation, clean governance and green projects.
2. according to china more than 110 countries joined the BRI.

BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVES: 

1. Aim to revitalize ancient trade routes which will open up markets for china  within and beyond.
2. china is planning to construct roads, railways, ports and other infrastructure in asia and world- like maritime silk road, and economic belt and road initiatives.

what is objective behind all this initiatives:

china try to influence asia, cental asia and world, through land and sea routes.

china try to export chinese surplus capacity such as raw material , finished goods, and try to explore the market in asia and europe.
what is perturb behind all this?
china is not trusted any more due to lack of transperancy in projects which they handle. security concerns related to string off pearl and threat to regional balance of power. example- china's economic dominance over srilanka and leased hambantota port for 99 year .

South- china sea perturb?

1. Semi enclosed sea links with indian ocean with pacific ocean. it encompasses an area from the singapore, mallaca strait to strait taiwan. nine dash line demarcation line used by china to show the extent of its chain. china has numerous territorial and maritime disputes with countries.
2. NATUNA ISLANDS: disputed with indonesia.
3. SPRATLY ISLANDS: disputed with vietnam, philippines, taiwan, brunei, malaysia.
4. PARCEL ISLAND: disputed with vietnam.
5. SCARBOROUGH SHOAL: disputed with philippines.